What is Splinting?

  • A splint is an orthotic device used for support or immobilization of a limb or spine.
  • It is a technique to support burned area, maintain joint position and correct or prevent deformity.
  • Splints also help to maintain mobility and promote functionality.

Types

  • Static splints: maintains the limb in a fixed position, anti-contracture position & used for skin graft protection. Used to rest tissues and provide external support.
  • Static progressive splints: it is modified according to the change in ROM.
  • Dynamic splints: It provides a continual stress to tissue over time & is used for responsive tissue deficits.
  • Serial static: molded in stationary position with tissues at maximum length. They are worn for long periods. Plaster of pairs is used for serial splinting

Splinting and Positioning

  • Facilitating wound healing while maintaining tissue elongation
  • Positioning and splinting protect the healing wound, provide pressure relief and help prevent contractures in this phase of rehabilitation.
  • Static splints maintain a fixed position and are indicated for anti-contracture positioning.
  • If adequate ROM is not gained with exercise alone, Static splints can be serially modified to account for increased tissue length gained with exercise or extended positioning.
Static Splint
Dynamic Splint

Static Progressive Splinting

Neck Extension Splint

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Shoulder
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Elbow

Hand

Cock Up Splint
C-Bar
Gutter Splint
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Posterior Knee Splint
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Knee -ankle -foot Splint

Positioning

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Neck extension position
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Shoulder retraction
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maintaining trunk straight on affected side
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shoulder abduction with wrist hanged with sling
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Aeroplane splint
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Elbow Extension Splint
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Cock Up Splint

Acute Phase - Chest Physiotherapy

  • Prevent airway obstruction & accumulation of secretions that interfere with normal respiration.
  • Improve airway clearance, cough effectiveness, ventilation and perfusion matching through mobilization and drainage of secretions.
  • Reduce work of breathing.
  • Prevent or correct postural deformities associated with pulmonary or extra pulmonary disorders.
  • Promote alveolar expansion and ventilation.
  • Increase gas exchange.
  • Maintain or improve chest mobility.
  • Improve endurance, general exercise tolerance, and overall well-being.

Spirometry

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Percussion / Vibration

Strengthening

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Parallel Bar Walking

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Chair Sitting & Cycling

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Limb Physiotherapy-standing & Walking

  • To improve and maintain full ROM of joints and muscle power.
  • Prevention of DVT and contracture.
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